Capture myopathy is a dangerous condition that can occur in wild and domestic animals. It is described as muscle damage resulting from extreme exertion, struggle, or stress. This condition is also known as exertional myopathy, overstraining disease a …

Cardiac arrest, or cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA) is characterized by an abrupt, complete failure of the respiratory and circulatory systems. The subsequent lack of oxygen transport can quickly cause systemic cellular death from oxygen depletion. If le …

There are over 60 species of deer that are recognized worldwide, and deer occur on all continents except Antarctica. Deer occupy a range of diverse habitats, from rainforests to temperate zones. There are seven species of deer that are native to Nort …

Deer are included in over 40 species of hoofed ruminants belonging to the order Artiodactyla. This group encompasses numerous species—among them pigs, camelids, deer, giraffe, antelopes, sheep, goats, and cattle.1 Deer are cervids (family Cervidae), …

Deer are cervids (family Cervidae), a group of animals belonging to the order Artiodactyla. They have a four-chambered stomach, and are cud-chewing herbivores (ruminants). Most deer have 32 teeth, although they lack upper incisors, and most species a …

In North America, deer are among the most well-known of the large wildlife species, and they’re popular among hunters and wildlife enthusiasts alike. Deer belong to the order Artiodactyla, a group of animals also known as cervids. Deer live on almost …

Frostbite is a cold-related injury in which body tissues begin to freeze. Frostbite can affect any part of the body that is exposed to extreme cold for an extended period of time. This period of time is reduced as the relative (ambient) temperature d …

The management of deer frequently requires the live capture of individual animals, and chemical immobilization is often the most effective method of capture.1 The reasons for capture typically include research, translocating nuisance animals, or for …

The llama (Lama glama) is a domesticated animal that is descended from the wild guanaco (Lama guanicoe). Their range encompasses the high Andes mountains of South America. Llamas are camelids (Camelidae); they are related to camels and are sometimes …