Powerful synthetic opiates are essential tools for capturing and handling wild animals. These drugs provide rapid and relatively long-lasting immobilization that can be completely reversed by...

Midazolam is a benzodiazepine medication used for anesthesia, seizures, procedural sedation and agitation. In combination with medetomidine HCL (3.3 MG/ML) and ketamine HCL (150 MG/ML), the three...

Wildlife practice is a specialized area of veterinary medicine, particularly in the realm of large and exotic hoofstock. Restraining individual animals of these species nearly always requires the use...

Many procedures that are routinely accomplished in domestic animals with minimal restraint require anesthesia for the welfare and safety of both the zoo animal and veterinarian. Therefore, the...

While the anesthesia of wild animals is often carried out under difficult conditions, procedures for the anesthesia of zoo animals—many being of the same species encountered in the wild—can usually...